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J. HARLEY. LATHE. No. 436,175. K, l Patented Sept. 9. 1890.

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UNITED STATES 'PATENT OEEIOE.

JOHN HARLEY, OE DETROIT, MICHIGAN, AssIGNoR OF *ONE-HALE To M. J..

MURPHY, OE sAME PLACE.

LATH E.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 436,175, dated September 9, 1890.

Application tiled February 24, 1890. SerialfNo. 341,587. (No model.)

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in hollow mandrel-lathes, and is especially-designed to be used in the manufacture of chair-rounds, broom, hoe, and rake handles, &c.; and the invention consists in the peculiar arrangement and combination of parts, all as more fully hereinafter described, and shown in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a plan view of my improved lathe. Fig. 2 I,is a front elevation thereof. Fig. 3 is a cross-section Online o: 0c, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a rear elevation, partly in section, of the head of the lathe. Fig. 5 is a central longitudinal section through the hollow mandrel. Fig. 6 is a detached perspective view of the adjustable chuck carrying the roughingknives. Fig. 7 is a cross-section on line y y, Fig. 5. Fig. 8 is a section on line z z in Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is a detail of the polishing-block holder. Fig. 10 is a section on line ww, Fig. 9. Fig. 1l is a section on line fo c, Fig. 6.

A is the bed of the lathe, A the legs or standards, A2 the carriage, A3 the feed-screw, A4 the split nut, and A5 its controlling-lever, all being of the well-known construction of screw feed-lathe.

B is the hollow mandrel, journaled in suitable bearing B at the head of the lathe, and carrying the pulley B2, sliding sleeve C, and fixed collar B.

E represents knife-holders connected at one end to the collar D at points diametrically opposite and, curving inwardly, project at about their longitudinal centers into the aperture B3, formed in the mandrel B, and then, inclining outwardly, slidingly engage in inclined bearings O9, formed in the sleeve C.

E are knives adjustably secured to the holders E by means of a set-screw a, engaging in the slotted bearing b.

The sliding sleeve C is preferably constructed in the following manner:

C4 is a collar loosely tting the shank C5 of 6o the sleeve, which is held from longitudinal play by the screw-threaded collar C6, adjustably secured on the screw-threaded end of th shank C5 by the set-screw CZ.

e are ears formed on opposite sides of the collar C6.

f are springs secured at one end to the ears c and at the other to the pulley B2, preferably by Ineans of suitable screw-eyes e.

F is a feather on the mandrel B, engaging in a corresponding feather-way formed in the sleeve C, adapted to rotate said sleeve with,

the mandrel and at the same time leave it free to move in a longitudinal direction.

G is a rock-shaft journaledin bearings G',

crossing the bed of the lathe, and carrying.

rock-arms G2, which latter are pivotally connected at their free ends to opposite sides of the collar C4.

G3 is a crank-arm provided with a series of. screw-threaded holes, in which the arm G5 carrying the. anti-friction roller G5,is'adjust ably secured and adapted to rest on the pattern. The crank-arm G3, rock-shaft G, and rock-arms G2 together form a bell-crank lever adapted to transmit the vertical movement of the roller G5 produced by the movementA of the pattern under it, as more fully hereinafterk described.

H is an adjustable chuck, consisting ofltlie' flaring jaws H', radially adjustably secured in dovetailed grooves formed in thev head H2.y These jaws carry the roughing-out knives f adjustably secured in slots in any suitable manner-such as by set-screws g-and may be adjusted in and out of the center of the mandrel by means of a right-and-left screw H3, said screw having a socket in which a suitable wrench may be engaged, as shown in Figs. 6 and l1.

g are set-screws engaging in slots g2,which serve to limit the movement of the jaws.

roo

motion of the bell-crank, formed of the crank" 'Ihe head H2 is centrally apertured and preferably provided with a rearwardly-extending sleeve or guide I, either formed integral therewith or having a screw-threaded engagement. This sleeve, which is of a diameter to exactly fit the hollow mandrel, preferably extends through to a point opposite the finishingknives, having a suitable cut-away portion corresponding to the apertures B3, through which theknives pass, and is also slotted aportion of its length to admit of springing in the free ends I2 by means of the set-screw I3, passing through screw-threaded apertures in the mandrel and bearing against said sleeve. The sleeve I is preferably held in the mandrel B by a screw-threaded engagement.

.I is a work-table secured abovethe bed of the lathe by brackets J', which are vertically adjustably attached to the bed by setfscrews h and t'. This table has a longitudinal slot in line with the center of the mandrel, in which the arm K of the carriage A2, carrying the pusher K', is free to slide.

L is a guide-flange adj ustably secured on the table .l by clamping-plates j.

L' also represents guides adj ustably secured to the table, and, together with the spring L2 and guide L, are adapted to guide the work into the mouth of the chuck H.

M is a pattern-carriage preferably attached to the bar M', slidinglyheld in the groove M2 on the side of the bed, and adapted to be driven by the carriage A2 through the connecting-bracket M3. To this pattern-carriage the pattern, which may be cut from a straight stick, is attached by screws or otherwise in any suitable manner.

In practice the parts as shown and described are intended to operate as follows: The mandrel is revolved by a belt connecting the pulley B2 by a suitable counter-shaft, and the feed-shaft is also driven by a suitable belt-connection- The operator then, taking his stand in front of the machine, places a square stick against the guide L' on the table J, which has previously been so adjusted as to bring the work in line with the center of the mandrel. The lever A5 is then dropped either by hand or by foot-lever M, which `engages the split nut A4 with the feed-screw A3 and moves the carriage forward, thereby forcing the stick by means of the pusher 'K into the mouth of the chuck II, where the roughing-out knives reduce it to a size which will readily enter the mandrel, the guides L L' and spring L2 serving to hold it firmly while being operated upon by the knives. At the same time the pattern-carriage M, moving along with the carriage, brings the pattern underneath the roll G4, alternately raising and lowering it, and thereby producing a rocking G3, rock-shaft G, and rock-arms G2, and a corresponding forward or backward movement of the sleeve C, which in turn forces theknifeholder in or out from the center of the mandrel, thus shaping the stick to the form dcsired.

It will be seen by examining Fig. 8 of the drawings that the knife-holder in traveling in or out from the center .of the mandrel will always hold the knives tangentially tothe work, thereby making a smoother cut and allowing a greater amplitude of movement than if otherwise arranged.

If it is desired to polish the work while still in the lathe, a holder N may be substi tuted for one of the knife-holders E, which, as shown in Figs. 9 and 10, is adapted to hold a block of emery O. In the operation of the device this polishing-block is heldin contact with the finished work slightly in advance of allowing the carriage A to be drawn back to its initial position by the rope P and weight Q. A suitable stop R, made of rubber orother elastic material, serves as a bumper for the carriage to strike when withdrawn.

The finished stick passes out of the mandrel through the dead-rolls S.

Vhenever it is desired to cuta stick Voi" smaller diameter than the bore of the mandrel I am enabled to do so by simply adjusting the jaws of the chuck I-I in nearerto the center of the mandrel, and to prevent the chattering which would occur if the stick when operated upon by the finishing-knives were smaller than the sleeve-guide I the latter may also be adjusted by means of the set screw I3, which presses the jaws I2 into contact with the work, thus holding it securely from lateral displacement.

It will be seen that all the parts of my device liable to wear are provided with suitable adj ustments-aa for instance, in the sleeve C, whenever the collar VC4r wears away suiiciently to allow of lateral play, by loosening the set-screw CZ' the collar C(i may be turned slightly, thereby taking up all lost motion. The plates C2 and C3, forming bearings for the knife-holders, may also be adjusted when necessary either to compensate for wear or to bring the knives nearer to or farther from the cen ter of the n1andrel-an operation which IOO would slightly vary the form of the finished 2. In alathe, the combination, with the hollow mandrel, of a tubular guide I, constructed with adjustable spring clampingjaws and arranged within said mandrel, and bindingscrews I3, impinging against the spring-jaws, substantially as described.

3. .In a lathe, the combination, with the hollow mandrel, of the guide I, consisting of the spring clamping-jaws I2, the set-screws I3, for adjusting same, the jaws having the cut-away portion I', and the finishing-knives, substantially as described.

4. In a lathe, the combinatiomwith a hollow mandrel having openings therein, of swinging holders having inclined outer ends pivoted on the mandrel opposite said openings, knives in said holders, and a sliding sleeve engaging directly with the inclined end of the holders to move the same radially, substantially as described.

5. In alathe, the combinatiomwith the mandrel having openings therein, of the knives pivotally secured thereto opposite the openings, a pattern, a pattern-carriage carrying said pattern, the feed-screw for actuating said carriage, and the arm K, substantially as described. j

6. In a lathe, the combination, with the hollow mandrel, of the knife-holders pivoted opposite apertures therein and carrying the knives, the sliding sleeve C, the incline bearings 02 C3, and the springs f, substantially as described.

7. In a lathe, the combination of the hollow mandrel, the knife-holders E, pivoted opposite apertures therein at one end and having an arm extending in guide-bearing between the plates C2 C3, the sliding sleeve, the collar G"=,^the rock-shaft G,'the rock-arm G2, the crank-arm G4, the pattern-carriage, and the roll G5, adapted to bear upon the pattern thereon, substantially as described.

8. In alathe, the combination, witha hollow mandrel, of a swinging holder pivoted to they same, a polishing-block on the holder, and a sliding sleeve engaging the holder to move the same, substantially as described.

9. In a lathe, the combination, with a mandrel, of swinging knives pivoted at one end on the mandrel, their opposite ends being inclined outwardly, and means for engaging the inclined ends of the knives for radially moving the same, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature, in presence of two witnesses, this 19th day of December, 1889. g

- JOHN HARLEY.

Witnesses:

M. B. ODOGHERTY, P. M. HULBERT. 

